Unit+VII+-+The+Cold+War

=The Cold War= = =

** Create a Unit VII page, insert a heading "The Cold War" and let's begin... **
=A. Intro=

- President George H.W. Bush
===2. At the present moment in world history nearly every nation must choose between alternative ways of life. The choice is too often not a free one. One way of life is based upon the will of the majority, and is distinguished by free institutions, representative government, free elections, guarantees of individual liberty, freedom of speech and religion, and freedom from political oppression. The second way of life is based upon the will of a minority forcibly imposed upon the majority. It relies upon terror and oppression, a controlled press and radio, fixed elections, and the suppression of personal freedoms. ===

Speech delivered by President Harry S. Truman to Congress - March 12, 1947
"To ensure the peaceful development of nations, free from coercion, the United States has taken a leading part in establishing the United Nations. The United Nations is designed to make possible lasting freedom and independence for all its members. We shall not realize our objectives, however, unless we are willing to help free peoples to maintain their free institutions and their national integrity against aggressive movements that seek to impose upon them totalitarian regimes. This is no more than a frank recognition that totalitarian regimes imposed upon free peoples, by direct or indirect aggression, undermine the foundations of international peace, and hence the security of the United States.

The peoples of a number of countries of the world have recently had totalitarian regimes forced upon them against their will. The Government of the United States has made frequent protests against coercion and intimidation in violation of the Yalta agreement in Poland, Romania, and Bulgaria. I must also state that in a number of other countries there have been similar developments.

At the present moment in world history nearly every nation must choose between alternative ways of life.

The choice is too often not a free one. One way of life is based upon the will of the majority, and is distinguished by free institutions, representative government, free elections, guarantees of individual liberty, freedom of speech and religion, and freedom from political oppression. The second way of life is based upon the will of a minority forcibly imposed upon the majority. It relies upon terror and oppression, a controlled press and radio, fixed elections, and the suppression of personal freedoms.

I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.

I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way. I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes..."

=B. The Basics=
 * 1) ===Who was the Cold War between?===
 * 2) ===When was the Cold War?===
 * 3) ===Why did it occur? What was it over?===
 * 4) ===Why is it called "the Cold War?"===
 * 5) ===We will complete the following chart:===


 * || ECONOMY || DESCRIPTION || POLITICS || DESCRIPTION ||
 * THE UNITED STATES ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * THE SOVIET UNION ||  ||   ||   ||   ||

6. QUESTIONS: use the info below the question and your background knowledge to answer these two questions:

 * 1) ====Why was America so set on stopping the spread of Soviet influence? What is so bad about communism? What was so bad about the Soviets?====
 * 2) ====What did the Soviets think was so bad about America and capitalism?====

Communism explained a bit more
> >
 * Origins of communism are in the writings and theories of Karl Marx in the mid-1800s. He co-wrote The Communist Manifesto in 1848.
 * Communism is a theory about society and economics: socio-economics. It is a belief system about how society and the economy should work - it is an idea of justice.
 * Communists are therefore often called Marxists.
 * Three key Marx quotes:
 * From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs.
 * The history of all previous societies has been the history of class struggles.
 * <span class="body" style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The theory of Communism may be summed up in one sentence: Abolish all private property.


 * When communism has been put into practice in different countries like the Soviet Union, China, Cuba, etc., it has often been very different from how Marx thought it would be. It has usually been accompanied by very strict, ruthless dictatorship and corruption. It has usually become associated with a lack of rights and freedoms. Communism has never been purely implemented like Marx thought it could be.

Youtube Video Series on The Cold War from Media Rich Learning
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Cold War - Media Rich Learning - 11 part series

=C. Objectives=

** Below are the MA frameworks for studying the Cold War. What important vocabulary can we pick out and learn? Make a list of key terms from the standards below: **
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The Cold War Abroad, 1945-1989 ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">USII.18 Analyze the factors that contributed to the Cold War and describe the policy of containment as America’s response to Soviet expansionist policies.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A. the differences between the Soviet and American political and economic systems <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">B. Soviet aggression in Eastern Europe <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">C. the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and NATO <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">//<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Seminal Primary Documents to Read: //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The Truman Doctrine (1947), and George Kennan, “The Sources of Soviet Conduct” (1947) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">USII.19 Analyze the sources and, with a map of the world, locate the areas of Cold War conflict between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A. the Korean War <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">B. Germany <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">C. China <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">D. the Middle East <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">E. Latin America <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">F. Africa <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">G. the Vietnam War

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Cold War America at Home: Economic Growth and Optimism, Anticommunism, and Reform, 1945-1980 ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">USII.22 Analyze the causes and consequences of important domestic Cold War trends.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A. economic growth and declining poverty <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">B. the baby boom <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">C. the growth of suburbs and home-ownership <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">D. the increase in education levels <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">E. the development of mass media and consumerism <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">USII.23 Analyze the following domestic policies of Presidents Truman and Eisenhower. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A.Truman’s Fair Deal <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">B. the Taft-Hartley Act (1947) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">C. Eisenhower’s response to the Soviet’s launching of Sputnik <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">D. Eisenhower’s civil rights record

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">USII.24 Analyze the roots of domestic anticommunism as well as the origins and consequences of McCarthyism.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">//<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">People // <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A. Whittaker Chambers D. Senator Joseph McCarthy <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">B. Alger Hiss E. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">C. Edgar Hoover <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">//<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Institutions // <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A. the American Communist Party (including its close relationship to the Soviet Union) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">B. the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">C. the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC)

=D. Where was the Cold War "fought"?=

2. Find a good map (or multiple maps) that help(s) recap the Cold War. Make sure to caption your map(s) with what it/they show.








The single document that best illustrated American anti-communism and general suspicion of Soviet aspirations, was George Kennan's famous //Long Telegram// of 1946. The //Long Telegram// was perhaps the most cited and most influential statement of the early years of the Cold War. George Kennan had been a American diplomat on the Soviet front, beginning his career as an observer of the aftermath of the Russian Civil War. He witnessed __collectivization__ and the __terror__ from close range and sent his telegram after another two years' service in Moscow from 1944 to 1946 as chief of mission and Ambassador Averell Harriman's consultant. In 1946, Kennan was 44 years old, fluent in the Russian language and its affairs, and decidedly anti-communist. The essence of Kennan's telegram was published in //Foreign Affairs// in 1947 as //The Sources of Soviet Conduct// and circulated everywhere. The article was signed by "X" although everyone in the know knew that authorship was Kennan's. For Kennan, the Cold War gave the United States its historic opportunity to assume leadership of what would eventually be described as the "free world." * * * * * THE SOURCES OF SOVIET CONDUCT By X Part I  The political personality of Soviet power as we know it today is the product of ideology and circumstances: ideology inherited by the present Soviet leaders from the movement in which they had their political origin, and circumstances of the power which they now have exercised for nearly three decades in Russia. There can be few tasks of psychological analysis more difficult than to try to trace the interaction of these two forces and the relative role of each in the determination of official Soviet conduct. yet the attempt must be made if that conduct is to be understood and effectively countered. It is difficult to summarize the set of ideological concepts with which the Soviet leaders came into power. Marxian ideology, in its Russian-Communist projection, has always been in process of subtle evolution. The materials on which it bases itself are extensive and complex. But the outstanding features of Communist thought as it existed in 1916 may perhaps be summarized as follows: (a) that the central factor in the life of man, the factor which determines the character of public life and the "physiognomy of society," is the system by which material goods are produced and exchanged; (b) that the capitalist system of production is a nefarious one which inevitable leads to the exploitation of the working class by the capital-owning class and is incapable of developing adequately the economic resources of society or of distributing fairly the material good produced by human labor; (c) that capitalism contains the seeds of its own destruction and must, in view of the inability of the capital-owning class to adjust itself to economic change, result eventually and inescapably in a revolutionary transfer of power to the working class; and (d) that imperialism, the final phase of capitalism, leads directly to war and revolution. The rest may be outlined in Lenin's own words: "Unevenness of economic and political development is the inflexible law of capitalism. It follows from this that the victory of Socialism may come originally in a few capitalist countries or even in a single capitalist country. The victorious proletariat of that country, having expropriated the capitalists and having organized Socialist production at home, would rise against the remaining capitalist world, drawing to itself in the process the oppressed classes of other countries." It must be noted that there was no assumption that capitalism would perish without proletarian revolution. A final push was needed from a revolutionary proletariat movement in order to tip over the tottering structure. But it was regarded as inevitable that sooner of later that push be given.



The Cold War - history.com

Video - Cuban Missile Crisis - 12 mins live footage

Korean War interactive map - phases of the war Sharon & Catherine's Korean War project - glog, scribble map & song/video Devon's Korean War glog Angela's Korean War glog Korean War overview Korean-War.com - site by a servicemember

Video - Intro to the Vietnam War - brief overview from history channel.com - also has links to other brief videos (My Lai, Rolling Thunder, etc) Vietnam War photos - history channel.com

Video below - Why Vietnam? Made by the Defense Dept in 1965 media type="youtube" key="IZZykUr_LLQ" height="390" width="480"

[] awesome interactive map of Europe 1945-1989

[] ideological foundations of the cold war – Truman library

[] LONG list of Cold War links and documents

[] 1993 list of 234 occasions that U.S. armed forces have been used abroad

[] Cold War @ LOC, Soviet perspectives

[] online cold war museum

[] long text (lecture) on cold war

[] JFK library - the cold war

[] overview of the cold war

[] lots of info and documents from the cold war – Wilson center

We Didn't Start the Fire Leningrad - Billy Joel song & video

[] PBS videos on the Cold War

[] Cold War footage of Cuban Missile Crisis – 12 mins

[] Great, brief overview of the Cold War

Cartoons: [] []

[] Cold War resources and primary source documents [] Why we will soon miss the Cold War - essay from 1990

[] Cold War overview and then lots of links to more info [] Communism

[] Brief Cold War timeline

[] Cold War @ the archives

[] List of American interventions

[] Teacher’s Domain – start of Cold War and Truman Doctrine – 6 min video

[] a book – online – about Cold War interventions